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General Quantification of Covariate and Concept Shifts

arxiv.org/abs/2609.11918

Updated 31 min ago · first seen 11 Sept 2026

paper_01M294FPJVBQWGTTWWFQ2YD55D

Published
11 Sept 2026
T1 · 31 min ago
arXiv
2609.11918
T1 · 31 min ago
Category
cs.LG
T1 · 31 min ago

Abstract

Generalization under distribution shift remains a core challenge in modern machine learning, yet existing learning bound theory is limited to narrow, idealized settings and is non-estimable from samples. In this paper, we bridge the gap between theory and practical applications. We first show that existing definition of concept shift breaks when the source and target supports mismatch. Leveraging entropic optimal transport, we propose a key notion: $\gamma^{*}\!$-concept shifts, and derive a general error bound unifying covariate and $\gamma^{*}\!$-concept shifts, which applies to broad loss functions, label spaces, and stochastic labeling. We further develop estimators for these shifts with concentration guarantees, and the DataShifts algorithm, which can quantify distribution shifts and estimate the error bound in most applications - a rigorous and general tool for analyzing learning error under distribution shift.

Authors 2

Hongbo Chen, Li Charlie Xia

Specification

Official page

Source:arXiv (Atom API + RSS)T1observed 31 min agohigh

Arxiv announce type
new

Source:arXiv (Atom API + RSS)T1observed 31 min agohigh

arXiv id
2609.11918

Source:arXiv (Atom API + RSS)T1observed 31 min agohigh

Categories
cs.LG, cs.AI, stat.ML

Source:arXiv (Atom API + RSS)T1observed 31 min agohigh

PDF

Source:arXiv (Atom API + RSS)T1observed 31 min agohigh

Primary category
cs.LG

Source:arXiv (Atom API + RSS)T1observed 31 min agohigh

Published
11 Sept 2026

Source:arXiv (Atom API + RSS)T1observed 31 min agohigh

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Provenance

Attributed facts

9

Source tiers

T19

Freshest observation

31 min ago

Conflicts

None