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ChatGPT Images 2.5 in the Wild: A Launch-Period Dataset and Detector Evaluation

Published 16 Sept 2026arXiv:2609.15100

data quality89

Updated 7 h ago · first seen 15 Sept 2026

paper_01M2JK19CJAAH8DSFM6BNC2K1M

Abstract

An image tool can change its underlying generator while retaining its public name, making version attribution from online posts ambiguous. We study this problem after the ChatGPT Images 2.5 launch. Our frozen collection contains 3,478 images from 2,440 posts across 8 sources. Recorded posting times fall within the first 51.1 hours after the announcement. It records three attribution tiers and retains standalone images after image-form filtering and targeted review. Caption claims and host records provide admission evidence, not independently verified generator identity. The observed content profile depends on the source mixture: NightCafe supplies 39.0% of images but 77.0% of CLIP-assigned fantasy scenes. We then evaluate six frozen detectors at thresholds calibrated to a 5% flag rate on reference photographs. Collection flag rates range from 3.7 to 56.4%, falling 42-81 percentage points below GenImage recall. Held-out artwork false-positive rates range from 1.5 to 96.5%, so a higher collection flag rate does not by itself establish better detection. An exploratory X-only comparison with our April collection finds a higher September flag rate for Effort, and a suggestive difference for DoU, under fixed-threshold post-clustered bootstrap intervals. Attribution, content and processing differences prevent a causal interpretation of these contrasts. The collection supports analysis of reported model use during a product transition, with source and attribution evidence retained for interpretation.

Authors

Authors 9

Ankit RajDennis NgKidus ZewdeNeo TiangratanakulSimiao RenTommy DuongXingyu ShenYuchen ZhouYuxin Zhang

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arXiv (Atom API + RSS)rss.arxiv.org/rss/cs.CV feedT1· Official7 h ago4
arXiv (Atom API + RSS)rss.arxiv.org/rss/cs.AI feedT1· Official7 h ago5

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