MOSAIC: A Universal Agent-Level Interface for Cross-Paradigm Agent Mixing and Human-AI Collaboration — Paper

Abstract

Existing infrastructure cannot deploy agents from different decision-making paradigms within the same environment, making fair cross-paradigm comparison under identical conditions impossible. We present MOSAIC, an open-source platform that enables heterogeneous agents (RL policies, LLMs, VLMs, and human operators) to act within shared reinforcement learning environments in ad-hoc team settings with reproducible results. MOSAIC introduces three contributions. (i) IPC-based worker protocol that wraps native and third-party frameworks as isolated subprocess workers, each executing its own training and inference logic unmodified and communicating through a versioned inter-process protocol. (ii) An operator abstraction that forms an agent-level interface by mapping workers to agent slots: each operator, regardless of whether it is backed by an RL policy, an LLM, or a human, conforms to a minimal universal interface. (iii) A deterministic cross-paradigm evaluation framework with two complementary modes: a manual mode that advances up to $N$ operators in lock-step under shared seeds for fine-grained visual inspection of behavioural differences; and a script mode that drives automated, long-running evaluation via declarative Python scripts for reproducible experiments. Our documentation is released at: https://mosaic-platform.readthedocs.io.

Authors 8

Abdulhamid M. Mousa, Jinhui Pang, Rakhmonberdi Khajiev, Jalaledin M. Azzabi, Abdulkarim M. Mousa, Peng Yong, Yunusa Haruna, Ming Liu

Specification

Official page: arxiv.org/abs/2603.01260
Source:arXiv (Atom API + RSS)T1observed 6 h agohigh
Arxiv announce type: replace
Source:arXiv (Atom API + RSS)T1observed 6 h agohigh
arXiv id: 2603.01260
Source:arXiv (Atom API + RSS)T1observed 6 h agohigh
Categories: cs.LG, cs.AI
Source:arXiv (Atom API + RSS)T1observed 6 h agohigh
PDF: arxiv.org/pdf/2603.01260
Source:arXiv (Atom API + RSS)T1observed 6 h agohigh
Primary category: cs.LG
Source:arXiv (Atom API + RSS)T1observed 6 h agohigh
Published: 11 Sept 2026
Source:arXiv (Atom API + RSS)T1observed 6 h agohigh

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T19

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6 h ago

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Authors: Abdulhamid M. Mousa, Jinhui Pang, Rakhmonberdi Khajiev

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Value	Valid from → to	Status	Source	Confidence	Extractor
cs.LG	11 Sept 2026 21:02 UTC → current	current	arXiv (Atom API + RSS)T1	high	deterministic

Claims are temporal and append-only: a new observation closes the previous claim (valid_to) instead of overwriting it. Conflicting claims from different sources are kept side by side and flagged — never averaged. Methodology →

11 Sept 2026
New paperPaperMOSAIC: A Universal Agent-Level Interface for Cross-Paradigm Agent Mixing and Human-AI Collaboration
New paper: MOSAIC: A Universal Agent-Level Interface for Cross-Paradigm Agent Mixing and Human-AI Collaboration
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Source documents
Source	Document	Type	Tier	Last observed	Snapshots
arXiv (Atom API + RSS)	rss.arxiv.org/rss/cs.LG	feed	T1· Official	5 h ago	1

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