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HiRAD: A Flexible Large-Scale AGV Routing System

arxiv.org/abs/2609.09752

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Updated 2 h ago · first seen 11 Sept 2026

paper_01M294GMP1C0S8Y6G70ZE2QETB

Published
11 Sept 2026
T1 · 2 h ago
arXiv
2609.09752
T1 · 2 h ago
Category
cs.RO
T1 · 2 h ago

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Abstractabstract1

Claim history for Abstract
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Automatic Guided Vehicles (AGVs) substantially boost warehouse throughput, but routing large-scale AGV fleets remains challenging. Classical Multi-Agent Pathfinding solvers suffer from exploding combinatorial complexity and super-quadratic runtime, while relying on idealized grid or piecewise-linear motion models that mismatch real-world kinematics. Recent Reinforcement Learning (RL) solutions improve flexibility via decentralized agent policies but depend on discretized spatiotemporal representations, require millions of episodes to converge, and incur full-map observation at every step, which leads to large models, slow convergence, and high inference latency that violates real-time industrial control constraints. To address these bottlenecks, we propose HiRAD, a hierarchical RL framework for continuous-space AGV routing with real-time guarantees: (1) a step-level spatiotemporal representation that translates continuous motion into a differentiable RL problem, (2) a hierarchical strategy that splits heading choice from velocity control to reduce the action space, and (3) an asynchronous event-driven decision pipeline that lowers inference complexity from O(n^2) to O(n) and cuts per-step latency by as much as 71 percent. Across random graphs and two warehouse maps, HiRAD reduces makespan by 45 percent to 63 percent and shortens end-to-end runtime.currentcurrentarXiv (Atom API + RSS)T1highdeterministic

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